Кто изобрел DVD и кто обладает правами на него
С кем нужно связываться для получения спецификаций и лицензирования?
DVD - результат совместной работы компаний Toshiba, Matsushita, Philips, Sony и других. Первоначально существовали два стандарта второго поколения DVD. Формат MMCD предлагался Sony, Philips и другими. Конкурирующий формат SD предлагался Toshiba, Time Warner и другими. Группа компьютерных компаний во главе с IBM настаивала, чтобы все компании, предлагающие стандарты DVD согласились с общим единым стандартом. Объединенный формат DVD был объявлен в сентябре 1995, что позволило избежать повторения той путаницы и тех затрат, которые были понесены во времена войны VHS против BetaMax (или во времена войн за квадрофонический звук в 1970-ых).
Никакая отдельная компания не владеет DVD. Стандарт был разработан консорциумом 10 из компаний: Hitachi, JVC, Matsushita, Mitsubishi, Philips, Pioneer, Sony, Thomson, Time Warner и Toshiba. Также проводится работа с представителями многих других компаний. В мае 1997 г., консорциум был заменен DVD Форумом, который открыт для всех компаний. (Посетите страницу Robert's DVD http://www.unik.no/~robert/hifi/dvd/, на которой собраны ссылки на страницы компаний, работающих с DVD.) Компания Time Warner зарегистрировала логотип DVD и передала его DVD Format/Logo Licensing Corporation.
Официальные спецификации DVD доступны в компании Toshiba после подписания соглашения о неразглашении и выплате взноса в $5000. Для связи: Toshiba DVD Products 1-1 Shibaru 1-Chome, Minato-ku, 105-01 Токио, Япония, тел.: 81-3-3457-2473, факс: 81-3-5444-9401.
Любая компания, производящая DVD-изделия должна лицензировать патентованную технологию у объединения Philips/Pioneer/Sony, у объединения Hitachi/Matsushita/Mitsubishi/Time Warner/Toshiba/Victor, и у Thomson. Общие отчисления составляют примерно 5 % за dvd-видео плеер, $6 за дисковод DVD-ROM и декодер, и 10 центов за DVD диск. Matsushita патентует технологию шифрования CSS бесплатно. Лицензии на систему Macrovision бесплатны для изготовителей оборудования, но производители дисков должны выплачивать авторское вознаграждение. Формат DVD и эмблема DVD также должны лицензироваться; для связи: Toshiba DVD Business Promotion and Support: 81-3-5444-9580, факс 81-3-5444-9430. Также требуется патент на MPEG-2 от MPEG Licensing Administrator. Стоимость этого патента - $4 за DVD-плеер или плату декодера и 4 цента за каждый диск DVD. Свяжитесь с MPEG LA для получения более подробной информации: http://www.mpegla.com .
Кто производит или поддерживает продукцию на DVD?
Нижеследующие компании официально объявили о выпуске изделий, специально разработанных для формата DVD.
Consumer electronics:
* Akai: DVD-Video player
* Alpine: DVD car navigation/entertainment system
* Altec Lansing: DVD audio technology
* California Audio Labs: DVD-Video player
* Clarion: DVD-ROM car navigation system
* Comjet: HomeMighty DVD player with Web connection
* Denon: DVD-Video player
* Faroudja: DVD-Video player
* Fisher: DVD-Video player
* Harman Kardon: DVD-Video player
* Hitachi: DVD-Video player
* Hyundai: DVD-Video player
* Innovacom: PC/TV with DVD support
* JVC (Victor): DVD-Video players
* Kenwood: DVD-Video player
* LG Electronics (GoldStar): DVD-Video players
* Matsushita (Panasonic/National/Technics/Quasar): DVD-Video players,
DVD-ROM car navigation system
* Meridian: DVD-Video player
* Mitsubishi: DVD-Video players
* NEC: DVD-RAM video camera
* Noriko: DVD-Video players
* Onkyo: DVD-Video player
* Philips (Magnavox/Marantz/Norelco): DVD-Video player
* Pioneer: DVD-Video players, DVD-ROM car navigation system
* Runco: DVD-video player and changer
* Samsung: DVD-Video players
* Sanyo: DVD-Video player
* Sharp: DVD-Video player
* Sony: DVD-Video players
* Thomson (RCA/GE/Proscan/Ferguson/Nordmende/Telefunken/Saba/Brandt):
DVD-Video players
* Toshiba: DVD-Video players
* Yamaha: DVD-Video player
* Zenith: DVD-Video players (made by Toshiba and LG)
Studios, video publishers, and distributors:
* A.D. Vision (anime)
* Aftermath Media (Tender Loving Care, interactive movie)
* All Day Entertainment
* Amazing Fantasy
* American Gramaphone
* American Software
* Anchor Bay Entertainment
* Artisan (formerly LIVE Entertainment)
* Arts & Entertainment DVD
* BMG (Sonopress)
* Brentwood
* Brilliant Digital Entertainment (multipath movies)
* BroadcastDVD
* CAV Distributors
* Cecchi Gori
* Central Park Media
* Chesky
* Classic Records
* Columbia TriStar (Sony)
* Compact Media (distributor)
* Concert @ Home (Platinum Entertainment)
* Concorde Video (12 Monkeys, German)
* Criterion
* Delos International (mostly audio)
* Delta Entertainment
* DG Distributors
* Digital Disc Entertainment
* Digital Leisure (formerly ReadySoft) (Dragon's Lair, Space Ace)
* Digital Multimedia
* Digital Versatile Disc
* Dimension
* Direct Video
* Disney (Buena Vista Home Video, Dimension, Hollywood, Miramax, Touchstone)
* DreamWorks SKG
* DVD International (distributor)
* Eaton Entertainment
* Elite Entertainment
* Essex Entertainment
* Fox Lorber
* Front Row
* Gainax (anime)
* Goldhil Home Media
* Goodtimes
* HBO (Warner)
* Image Entertainment (distributor)
* Impressive (adult)
* Kino
* Laserdisc Entertainment (adult)
* Leo Films
* Lumivision (distributed by SlingShot)
* MacDaddy
* Madacy
* Magic Lantern
* Master Tone
* MCA (Universal)
* MCA Music
* Media Galleries
* Media Group (distributor)
* Metro Global Media (adult)
* Metromedia
* MGM/UA (Warner)
* Monarch
* Monterey
* MPI
* MTI
* Multimedia 2000 (M2-K)
* N2K Music
* Navarre (distributor)
* New Vision
* New Line (Warner)
* New Horizons Home Video
* NuTech Digital (adult)
* Orion Pictures (distributed by Image)
* Overseas Filmgroup (distributor, partner with Image)
* Pacific Digital
* Panasonic Interactive Media (defunct)
* Paramount Home Video (owned by Viacom)
* Parasol
* Passport
* Phantom
* Pioneer Entertainment (distributor)
* Playboy
* PM Entertainment
* Polygram (Philips partner)
* Pony Canyon (Japan)
* Pro7 Home Entertainment (Germany)
* Program Power
* Real Entertainment
* Republic Pictures (majority owned by Paramount)
* Rhino Home Video
* Roadshow Entertainment (Australia)
* Roan Group
* Rykodisc
* Samsung Entertainment Group
* Shanachie
* Simitar
* Sierra Vista Entertainment (Innovacom)
* Silver Screen
* SlingShot (acquired Lumivision titles)
* Sony Music Entertainment
* Sony Wonder (kids)
* Sterling Home Entertainment
* SyCoNet.com (distrubutor, anime)
* Synapse Motion Pictures
* Tai Seng
* Toho (Japan)
* Toshiba EMI
* Trimark
* Troma
* Turner
* Twentieth Century Fox
* United American
* Universal Studios Home Video (Matsushita)
* VCA Interactive (VCA Pictures, VCA Labs; adult)
* VCI
* Victor Entertainment (JVC)
* Victory
* Video Watchdog
* Vidmark
* Vivid Entertainment (adult)
* Waterbearer Films
* Warner Bros. Records/Warner Music (Toshiba partner)
* Warner Home Video (Toshiba partner)
* WIT Entertainment (distributor)
* World Video
* Xenon
* York http://www.high-rez.com/contacts.htm
Hardware and computer components:
* Acer Laboratories: DVD decoder/controller chips
* Alliance Semiconductor: DVD-accelerated video controller chips
* Analog Devices: 192-kHz/24-bit audio DAC
* Apple: DVD-ROM drives, DVD-ROM-equipped computers, software drivers, playback hardware and software (QuickTime)
* AST: DVD-ROM-equipped computers (with MMX-based playback software)
* ATI Technologies: DVD-accelerated video audio/video cards
* Avid Electronics: DVD decoder/controller chips
* Axis Communications: DVD-ROM servers
* C-Cube: DVD encoder and decoder chips
* Canopus: DVD-RAM video archiving.
* CEI: DVD playback hardware and software
* Chromatic Research: DVD decoder and playback chips
* Cirrus Logic: DVD-accelerated video controller chips
* Compaq: DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* Creative Technology: DVD-accelerated audio/video cards, DVD-ROM and
DVD-RAM upgrade kits
* Cygnet: DVD-RAM jukebox
* Diamond Multimedia: DVD upgrade kit (Toshiba drive)
* Digital: DVD software playback (for Alpha workstations), DVD encoder chips
* Digital Video Systems: DVD-ROM drives
* DynaTek: DVD upgrade kit
* E4 (Elecede): DVD playback hardware
* Elektroson: DVD-recordable software (top. GEAR)
* ESS Technology: playback chipset, player reference design
* Fujitsu: DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* Gateway: DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* Harman Int.: DVD jukebox
* Hitachi: DVD-ROM drives, decoder chips
* Hi-Val: DVD playback hardware (upgrade kit)
* Hyundai: DVD decoder chips
* IBM: DVD-ROM-equipped computers, decoder chips
* Infineon: DVD reader circuitry
* Innovacom: DVD encoder and decoder systems
* Intel: DVD playback hardware (MMX) and software
* JVC: DVD-ROM drives
* Kasan: decoder hardware
* LG Electronics: DVD-ROM drives
* LSI: DVD decoder chips and playback cards
* LuxSonor: DVD playback chips
* Margi: DVD decoder card for notebook PCs
* Matrox: DVD-accelerated video cards
* Matsushita (Panasonic): DVD-ROM drives, upgrade kits, DVD/Web integration, DVD-RAM still-image recorder
* Media100: DVD authoring tools
* Mediamatics: DVD playback software and hardware
* Medianix: Dolby Digital decoder hardware with Spatializer 3D audio
* Microsoft: DVD drivers and playback software (ActiveMovie)
* Mitsubishi: DVD-ROM drives
* Motorola: DVD decoder chips
* Number 9: DVD-accelerated audio/video cards
* NEC: DVD-ROM drives
* NSM: DVD-ROM jukebox, DVD-RAM jukebox
* Oak Technology: DVD playback hardware and software
* Packard Bell: DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* Philips: DVD-ROM drives, decoder chips
* Pioneer: DVD-ROM drives
* Plasmon Data: DVD-RAM jukebox
* Procom: DVD-ROM jukebox
* Quadrant International: DVD-Video decoding hardware and software
* S3: DVD-accelerated video controller chips
* Samsung: DVD-ROM drives and DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* STMicroelectronics (formerly SGS-Thomson): DVD decoder chips
* SICAN: DVD decoder chips
* Sigma Designs: DVD playback hardware
* Software Architects: DVD-recordable software (w/Elektroson)
* Sony: DVD-ROM drives and DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* STB Systems: DVD playback hardware (upgrade kit)
* TDK: blank DVD-RAM discs
* Toshiba: DVD-ROM drives and DVD-ROM-equipped computers
* Trident Microsystems: DVD decoder chips, DVD-accelerated video controller chips
* Truevision: DVD playback software (Microsoft Active Movie 2.0)
* Verbatim Australia (ActiveMedia): DVD playback hardware (upgrade kit)
* VisionTech: MPEG-2 encoder/mulitplexer
* Wired: DVD playback hardware and software
* Xing: DVD playback software
* Zen: multi-beam DVD reading technology
* Yamaha: AC-3 decoder chips
* Zoran/CompCore: DVD software and hardware playback, DVD decoder chips
Computer software titles on DVD-ROM:
* 2 Way Media: Launch
* Access Software: Overseer, Tex Murphy
* Acclaim Entertainment: Reah
* Accolade: Jack Nicklaus 4, Family Spectacular
* Activision (Quicksilver): Muppet Treasure Island, Spycraft: The Great Game, Zork: The Grand Inquisitor
* Aftermath Media: Tender Loving Care
* ALLDATA: automotive information databases
* Apple Computer: Mac OS Anthology (available to developers only)
* Broderbund: Riven
* Byron Preiss/Simon & Schuster: The Timetables of Technology
* Creative Multimedia: Billboard Music Guide, Blockbuster Entertainment Guide to Movies and Video
* Creative Wonders (The Learning Company): Schoolhouse Rock, Sesame Street, Wide World of Animals
* DeLorme: AAA Map'n'Go DVD Deluxe
* Digital Directory Assistance: PhoneDisc PowerFinder USA One
* Digital Versatile Disc: Shaodan
* Digital Leisure: Dragon's Lair
* Discovery Channel: Leopard Son/Animal Planet, Connections
* Dorling Kindersley
* Electronic Arts: Wing Commander IV
* genX Software/dHouse: Dead Moon Junction
* Graphix Zone
* Grolier: Multimedia Encyclopedia
* GT Entertainment: Forrest Gump, Reah
* IBM Interactive Media: The Pistol: The Birth of a Legend
* Interactual Technologies: Star Trek VideoSaver
* Interplay
* IVS: The Union Catalogue of Belgian Research Libraries
* Japan Travel Bureau: DVD-Web product
* The Learning Company (SoftKey): Battles of the World, Digital Library, The Genius of Edison
* Liris (Havas) Interactive: Decouvertes (Junior Discovery)
* Magnum Design
* Mechadeus: The Daedalus Encounter
* MediaGalleries: Multimedia Bach
* MediaOne: VersaDisc
* Microsoft: Encarta 98, MSDN/TechNet
* Mill Reef: Earthlight
* Mindscape
* Mitchell Repair Information Company: ON-DEMAND
* Monolith: Claw
* Montparnasse Multimedia: Microcomsos
* Multimedia 2000 (aka M2K, formerly Multicom): Birds of the World; Bubblegum Crisis; HomeDepot's Home Improvement 1-2-3; Warren Miller's Ski World '97; Exploring National Parks; Great Chefs, Great Cities; Better Homes and Gardens Cool Crafts
* Natif
* NB Digital/Mill Reef: Earthlight
* Pro CD: Select Phone
* Project Two Interactive: Reah (distributed by GT in U.S., Acclaim in UK and Ireland)
* Psygnosis
* Sega: 4 game/instruction titles to be released in early 1997
* Sierra Online
* Sumeria: Vanishing Wonders of the Sea, Wild Africa
* SuperZero: adult DVD-Video
* TerraGlyph Interactive Studios: Buster and the Beanstalk (Tiny Toons)
* Tsunami: Crazy 8's, Silent Steel, Silent Steel II
* Warner Advanced Media
* Westwood Studios: Command & Conquer
* Xiphias: Encyclopedia Electronica
* Zombie VR Studios: Liberty
Где еще можно получить информацию о DVD?
Здесь перечислены несколько наиболее популярные страницы о DVD.
* Ask Digital Man DVD tech support:
* Kilroy's DVD FAQs: (oriented toward CD-i) (both are a little out of date).
* DVD-Video Production Guidebook: (very technical and poorly translated from Japanese)
* Quantel Digital Fact Book (digital video info and glossary):
* DVD for not-so-Dummies, from Nimbus
* Tristan's MPEG Pointers and Resources
* DVD discussion list. Send "subscribe DVD-L <your name>" to